The World Population

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THE WORLD POPULATION

Distribution, Density and Growth

·         The term population distribution refers to the way people are spaced over the earth’s surface. Broadly, 90 per cent of the world population lives in about 10 per cent of its land area.

·         Density of population

-          The ratio of population and area is called the density of population.

-          Density of Population =   population

                                                                   Area

                                         

-          For example, area of Region X is 100 sq km and the population is 1,50,000 persons.

                    The density of population is calculated as:

                     Density = 1,50,000/100

                                = 1500 person /sq km

·         Factors influencing the distribution of population

-          Geographical Factors

(1)    Availability of water

(2)    Landforms

(3)    Climate

(4)    Soils

-          Economic factors

(1)    Minerals

(2)    Urbanization

(3)    Industrialization

-          Social and Cultural factors

(1)    Religious and cultural significance

·         Population Growth

-          The population growth or population change refers to the change in number of inhabitants of a territory during a specific period of time. This change may be positive as well as negative.

-          Some basic concepts of population growth

Ø  Growth of population – change of population in particular area between two points of time is known as growth of population.

Ø  Growth rate of population - This is the change of population expressed in percentage.

Ø  Natural growth of Population- this is the population increased by difference between births and deaths in  a particular region between two points of time. Natural Growth = births – deaths  

Ø  Actual growth of population – births – deaths + in migration – out migration

Ø  Positive growth of population- when the birth rate is more than the death rate between two points of time

Ø  Negative growth of population- if the population decreases between two points of time it is known as negative growth of population.

·         Components of  Population

-          CBR- (The Crude Birth Rate )=  birth / p * 1000

-          CDR-(The Crude Death Rate) = death/p * 1000

-          Migration

Ø  Immigration

Ø  Emigration

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